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哈爾濱基坑支護小編介紹錨桿(gan)支護(hu)施工注意事項
1邊坡刷方
邊(bian)坡(po)土(tu)石方開(kai)(kai)(kai)挖(wa)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)嚴格按照具體有關設計要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)進行。對于設有錨固(gu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)高(gao)邊(bian)坡(po)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)開(kai)(kai)(kai)挖(wa),要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)嚴格按照從上至下的(de)(de)開(kai)(kai)(kai)挖(wa)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)順(shun)序逐級(ji)(ji)開(kai)(kai)(kai)挖(wa),待(dai)上級(ji)(ji)邊(bian)坡(po)錨固(gu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)全(quan)(quan)部實施(shi)(shi)并(bing)產生加固(gu)作(zuo)用后(hou)(根據實際(ji)情況(kuang)可(ke)采(cai)用有效(xiao)可(ke)行的(de)(de)臨(lin)時加固(gu)或(huo)預加固(gu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi))方可(ke)進行下級(ji)(ji)邊(bian)坡(po)的(de)(de)土(tu)石方開(kai)(kai)(kai)挖(wa)作(zuo)業,逐級(ji)(ji)開(kai)(kai)(kai)挖(wa),逐級(ji)(ji)加固(gu),直至全(quan)(quan)部防護工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)結束(shu),確保坡(po)體穩定(ding)和結構安(an)全(quan)(quan)。
2砌體
砌(qi)(qi)體砂漿(jiang)要(yao)求(qiu)滿足設計標號,砂漿(jiang)飽滿,并(bing)按有關施工規范(fan)和規定砌(qi)(qi)筑。砌(qi)(qi)塊材料要(yao)求(qiu)石質均勻,符合(he)規定尺寸要(yao)求(qiu),采用未風化(hua)且(qie)不易風化(hua)之硬石砌(qi)(qi)筑。
3排水
地(di)表截排水溝要求(qiu)在路塹(qian)邊坡(po)土石方(fang)開挖施工前(qian)施做,并(bing)發(fa)揮作(zuo)用,減少地(di)表水對坡(po)面沖(chong)刷和入滲坡(po)體的(de)作(zuo)用和影(ying)響。
4掛網錨固
(1)清坡(po)。在多數情況(kuang)下,清坡(po)工(gong)作并(bing)不是必須的,但以(yi)下兩(liang)種情況(kuang)是需要(yao)加以(yi)考慮。
(2)放(fang)線。盡管定(ding)型化標準結構錨桿(gan)(gan)位(wei)置(zhi)等是(shi)有(you)尺寸(cun)限制的,但也有(you)一(yi)定(ding)的允(yun)許調(diao)整范圍,特別(bie)是(shi)對(dui)于錨桿(gan)(gan)來講,其(qi)位(wei)置(zhi)的確(que)定(ding)具有(you)更大的靈活性。
(3)錨筋制(zhi)作安裝。錨筋下(xia)料應整齊準確(que),誤差不大于(yu)±50mm,預留張(zhang)拉段(duan)鋼絞(jiao)線長(chang)度;錨筋的(de)制(zhi)作應搭建高于(yu)地面50cm以上與錨筋設(she)計(ji)長(chang)度相適應的(de)制(zhi)作臺及簡易防(fang)(fang)曬(shai)防(fang)(fang)雨(yu)篷,受(shou)地形限制(zhi),需在邊(bian)坡平(ping)臺上進行錨筋制(zhi)作的(de),也(ye)應搭架(jia)制(zhi)作,同(tong)時應做好防(fang)(fang)曬(shai)防(fang)(fang)雨(yu)措施(shi)。
5標錨孔注漿
(1)錨(mao)桿注漿錨(mao)固段遇土質或砂土狀強風化(hua)巖(yan)層且富水時應采用二次高壓劈裂注漿法(fa)來提高地(di)層錨(mao)固力。
(2)注(zhu)(zhu)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)材料要求嚴格按(an)(an)照經試驗合(he)格的配比(bi)備料,注(zhu)(zhu)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)液應嚴格按(an)(an)照配合(he)比(bi)攪拌均勻,隨拌隨用(yong)。錨孔(kong)注(zhu)(zhu)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)必須采用(yong)孔(kong)底(di)返漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)方法(注(zhu)(zhu)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)壓力一般為2.0MPa左右(you)),直至孔(kong)口溢出(chu)新鮮(xian)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)液,嚴禁抽拔注(zhu)(zhu)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)管或孔(kong)口注(zhu)(zhu)漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang);如發現孔(kong)口漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)面回落(luo),應在30min內(nei)進行(xing)孔(kong)底(di)壓注(zhu)(zhu)補漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)2~3次(ci),確保(bao)孔(kong)口漿(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)體充滿。
6支撐繩安裝及調試
(1)安裝縱橫向支(zhi)撐繩(sheng),張(zhang)拉緊后兩端各用2~4個(支(zhi)撐繩(sheng)長度小(xiao)于(yu)15m時(shi)為2個,大于(yu)30m時(shi)為4個,其間為3個)繩(sheng)卡(ka)與錨桿(gan)外露環套固定連接。
(2)從上向(xiang)下鋪掛格柵網,格柵網間(jian)重疊(die)寬度不小(xiao)于5cm,兩張格柵網間(jian)的(de)縫(feng)合以及格柵網與支(zhi)撐繩間(jian)用(yong)φ1.2鐵絲按(an)1m間(jian)距進(jin)行扎結(jie)。
7鋼繩網鋪(pu)掛及縫(feng)合
從(cong)上(shang)向下(xia)鋪設鋼(gang)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)網(wang)并(bing)(bing)縫(feng)(feng)合(he),縫(feng)(feng)合(he)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)為φ8鋼(gang)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),每張(zhang)鋼(gang)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)網(wang)均用一根(gen)長(chang)約31m(或27m)的縫(feng)(feng)合(he)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)與四周支撐(cheng)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)進(jin)行縫(feng)(feng)合(he)并(bing)(bing)預張(zhang)拉,縫(feng)(feng)合(he)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)兩端用兩個繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)卡與網(wang)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)進(jin)行固定聯(lian)結。
8完善工序
系統(tong)安裝完(wan)畢后,有條件時宜用土或(huo)小(xiao)石塊將平鋪在地面上的格柵(zha)壓住,避(bi)免落石將格柵(zha)向(xiang)上掀(xian)起。