18686819111
基坑支護工(gong)程是風險性較大的工(gong)程,施工(gong)過程中可能會遇到各種(zhong)意外情況,為(wei)做到備(bei)無患,針(zhen)對本(ben)工(gong)程特點,制定以下(xia)措施:
1)坑外地面堆載應(ying)控制在10KN/m2以內,并禁止(zhi)載重(zhong)汽車通(tong)行。2)邊坡局(ju)部涌水的處(chu)理:迅速用特(te)種止(zhi)水材料(liao)縮小范圍,埋(mai)管引流,注(zhu)漿封堵。
3)位移(yi)、沉降(jiang)過(guo)大(da)(da)的處理:在位移(yi)沉降(jiang)過(guo)大(da)(da)區域根據產生的原因加(jia)大(da)(da)加(jia)密土釘,加(jia)大(da)(da)注(zhu)漿量。
4)坑底局(ju)部管涌(yong)、突(tu)(tu)涌(yong)的處(chu)理(li):如因特(te)殊情況出現突(tu)(tu)涌(yong),應立即用(yong)粘土(tu)或(huo)水泥(ni)封(feng)堵,在最(zui)短(duan)的時間內制止突(tu)(tu)涌(yong)的發展,還(huan)可(ke)在突(tu)(tu)涌(yong)處(chu)采(cai)用(yong)現場的泥(ni)土(tu)堆壓(ya)或(huo)先用(yong)木板放在下(xia)面,再(zai)用(yong)鋼(gang)筋或(huo)其他密(mi)度(du)較大的建筑材料設備等壓(ya)在木板上阻止突(tu)(tu)涌(yong)情況進(jin)(jin)一步(bu)惡化(hua),再(zai)根據具體情況進(jin)(jin)行處(chu)理(li)。
哈爾濱基坑支護
施工工藝
放線——開挖——修坡——安放錨桿——注(zhu)漿——編(bian)網(wang)噴砼——開挖下一(yi)層
1、周邊放樣
根據土釘墻實際施工位(wei)置,進行放(fang)樣復(fu)核,如有偏差應(ying)會(hui)同各方討論解決。拐角處土體極(ji)不穩定,所以放(fang)線時(shi)盡可能取(qu)直,挖土時(shi)形成一個弧面(mian)。
2、土方開挖
根(gen)據出土(tu)(tu)方向和道路情況,可沿基坑一(yi)邊分(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)分(fen)段開(kai)挖(wa)(wa)溝槽,土(tu)(tu)方開(kai)挖(wa)(wa)應與土(tu)(tu)釘(ding)布置相協調,分(fen)層(ceng)(ceng)挖(wa)(wa)土(tu)(tu),每層(ceng)(ceng)開(kai)挖(wa)(wa)深(shen)(shen)度(du)應以土(tu)(tu)釘(ding)標高向下500mm為宜,若遇不(bu)良(liang)地質可適當(dang)減少開(kai)挖(wa)(wa)深(shen)(shen)度(du),縮短開(kai)挖(wa)(wa)長度(du)。必須(xu)按施工設計要(yao)求開(kai)挖(wa)(wa),嚴禁超挖(wa)(wa)。開(kai)挖(wa)(wa)時挖(wa)(wa)機(ji)不(bu)得撞(zhuang)擊網壁和錨(mao)頭。
3、土釘制(zhi)作、成孔(kong)
土(tu)(tu)(tu)釘(ding)(ding)按(an)(an)設(she)(she)計采(cai)用(yong)中φ48×3焊(han)接(jie)鋼管。土(tu)(tu)(tu)釘(ding)(ding)按(an)(an)照(zhao)設(she)(she)計標(biao)準加工制作,鋼管上(shang)打梅花(hua)形(xing)8mm孔(kong),間距(ju)300-500mm。剖面(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)兩排(pai)土(tu)(tu)(tu)釘(ding)(ding)長度(du)為(wei)12米(mi)(mi)(mi),下面(mian)(mian)(mian)兩排(pai)土(tu)(tu)(tu)釘(ding)(ding)為(wei)9米(mi)(mi)(mi),上(shang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)翻邊2米(mi)(mi)(mi)靠外(wai)位置加一(yi)根3米(mi)(mi)(mi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)釘(ding)(ding)以10度(du)向外(wai)側傾斜。D-D、E-E剖面(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)兩排(pai)土(tu)(tu)(tu)釘(ding)(ding)長度(du)為(wei)12米(mi)(mi)(mi),下面(mian)(mian)(mian)兩排(pai)土(tu)(tu)(tu)釘(ding)(ding)為(wei)9米(mi)(mi)(mi)。土(tu)(tu)(tu)釘(ding)(ding)采(cai)用(yong)沖擊錘直(zhi)接(jie)打入(ru)。土(tu)(tu)(tu)釘(ding)(ding)定位誤差上(shang)下左右均小(xiao)于(yu)50mm,傾角(jiao)誤差小(xiao)于(yu)3度(du)。如(ru)遇障礙,應(ying)設(she)(she)法避開。
4、注漿
土釘(ding)錨管(guan)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)漿,從錨管(guan)底部開始注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)漿,邊注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)邊拔管(guan),最后(hou)進行口部高壓(ya)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)漿,然后(hou)封孔(kong)。注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)漿泵必須(xu)壓(ya)力(li)恒定,注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)漿壓(ya)力(li)取0.4-0.6mpa,流量不大(da)于(yu)5L/min,水泥漿用量25kg/m~30kg/m
5、編制鋼筋網
按設(she)計(ji)要求綁扎或點焊雙(shuang)向鋼(gang)筋(jin)網(wang)。鋼(gang)筋(jin)定(ding)位誤差小于20mm相鄰鋼(gang)筋(jin)接(jie)頭錯開500mm,每(mei)層土釘(ding)(ding)部用(yong)(yong)聯(lian)(lian)系(xi)筋(jin)焊接(jie),用(yong)(yong)螺(luo)紋鋼(gang)井字壓在鋼(gang)筋(jin)網(wang)上,鋼(gang)筋(jin)網(wang)片、聯(lian)(lian)系(xi)筋(jin)土釘(ding)(ding)、井字架(jia)之間用(yong)(yong)點電焊聯(lian)(lian)接(jie)。
6、噴射砼面層
在(zai)土(tu)層開(kai)挖、修坡面層后,在(zai)鋼筋網編(bian)焊工作完成(cheng)一次性噴(pen)射總厚度100mm,砼(tong)(tong)標號為C20。噴(pen)射砼(tong)(tong)應摻加速凝(ning)(ning)(ning)劑(ji),砼(tong)(tong)初(chu)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)小于(yu)10min,終凝(ning)(ning)(ning)小于(yu)30min。混凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)配(pei)比(bi)為:普通水泥:砂(sha)石(shi)1:4-1:5砂(sha)率:45-45%水灰(hui)比(bi):0.4-0.45速凝(ning)(ning)(ning)劑(ji):3—5%水泥重(zhong)量